Transmitter for automatic telegraphs.



G. L. KRUM. TRANSMITTER FOR. AUTOMATIC TBLBGRAPHS. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 31, 1906.

929,603. PatentedJuly 27, 1909.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

0. L. KRUM. TRANSMITTER FOR AUTOMATIC TBLEGRAPHS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 31, 1906.

Patented July 27, 1909 ||lll v 1 ll llllll 6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

C. L. KRUM.

TRANSMITTER FOR AUTOMATIC TELEGRAPHS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 31, 1906.

. 929,603. Patented July 27, 1909.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

G. L. KRUM.

TRANSMITTER FOR AUTOMATIC TELEGRAPHS.

G. L. KRUM. TRANSMITTER FOR AUTOMATIC TELEGRAPHS. APPLIOATIOH FILED AUG. 31, 1906. 929,6Q3 Patented July 27, 1909. 6 SHEETS-SHEET a.

lfi /l/i unrrsn sra'rpsggsntr OFFICE.

CHAR-LES L. KRUM, OF GI-IIUAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO MORKRUM COMPANY, OF CHICAGO,

ILLINOIS, A'CORPORATION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Ju1y2'7, 1909.

Application filed August 31, 1906. Serial No. 332,775.

declared to be a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to transmitters for automatic or printing telegraphs and seeks to provide a simple and etfectivc apparatus by which the combinations of code impulses representing the different signals or characters may be rapidly transmitted over the line with distinct'ncss and regularity.

The invention further seeks to provide a construction which shall consist of few op erating parts and contacts and which parts are readily accessible for repairs or the like.

Further objects'of the invention are to provide means whereby the ditferent combinations of characteristic impulses representing the several. characters may be selected by a set of finger keys, together with automatic means for transmitting the selected signal or combination of impulses to the line with precision and regularity, and to provide a key mechanism for selecting the characteristic impulses which shall be of light touch and capable of rapid operation.

The invention also seeks to provide special shift keys which are arranged to transmit one, special signal when depressed and another when released so that the shift mechanism at the different receiving station may be moved from normal when the shift key at. the transmitter is'dcprcsscd and restored when the shift key is released in the manner similar to the operation of the shift mechanism of an ordinary typewriter.

lVith these and other objects in view the invention consists in the features of construction. combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter set forth, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and more particu larly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the figures, Figure 1 is a plan view of the improved transmitter with the inclosing casing removed. Figs. 2 and S-are longitudinal'sections taken on the lines 2-2 and 3-3 respectively of Fig. 1. Fig. 4: is a detail view of one of the so called character type Fig. 5 is a view in rear elevation of the operating mechanism with the frame shown in section. Fig. 6 is a view in horizontal section-taken on the line tl ti of Fig. 3. Fig. I is a diagram of the circuits and magnets controlled by the switches and tinger keys of the transmitter. Fig. 8' is a view in side elevation of one of the automatic transmitter relays. Fig. S) is an end elevation thereof. Fig. 10 is a plan view of the transmitter relay. Fig. 11 is a horizontal section on the line ll 1l of Fig. 8. Fig. '12 is a vertical section on the line 12-12 of Fig. 8. y

The frame is mounted on feet 10 and con prises side pieces 11 connected at their lower portions by the front bar 12, rear bar 13 and intermediate cross piece 14 and connected at their upper front portions by the cross bar 15. 'lhesides 11 and cross bars 12, 13. 1t and 15 are preferably cast in one piece. The key board is arranged at the open front portion of theframc while the top and back of the frame is provided with a removable cover plate 16 inclosing the operative parts of the transmitter. The keys or key levers 17 are preferably in the form of the thin.

flat bars extending from front to rear of the .machine and pivotally mounted on a cross fulcrum rod 18. Fulcrum rod 18 extends between the sides 11 of the frame and .the keys 17 are providcdon their lower edges with lugs 19 having se1nicircnlar notches therein that engage the fulcrum rod. The keys are held on edge in vertical position and are guided by a front comb-barQO and a comb-bar Ell above the fulcrum rod 13. These bars extend between and are secured to the side frame pieces 11. A cross bar 2; beneath the key levers is socketed to receive the lower ends of a series of cushion springs 23, thcfupper ends of which 'fit into circular cap pieces 24 (see Figs. 1 and (3) which are pivoted to the lower edges of the key levers 17. The forward ends of the key lovers are upturned and provided with finger pieces 25 that are arranged 'in banks or rows, one above the other, at the key board of the machine. Two of the key levers adjacent the sides of the machine are connected by a transverse space bar 26 arranged at the frontof the key board. The notched lugs 19 loosely fit upon the fulcrum bar 18 but the key lovers are held against displacement. by atransverse locking rod 27 which is removably secured in position adjacent the upper edges of the keys and above the fulcrum rod 18.

23 are arranged slightly in frontof the fulcrum rod 18 and normally uphold the fin er pieces at the forward ends of the keys with the rear portions of the keys in engagement.

with the transverse stopbar 28 that 1s connected to or formed in piece with the bar 14.

The keys or key levers 17 are held in position between the fulcrum rod 18 and the locking rod 27 and between the' downwardly extendingteeth of the comb-bar 21 and the upwardly extending teeth of the comb-bar 20. The cushion springs 23 are arranged adjacent the pivot point and normally uphold the front ends of the keys. The keys may be readily manipulated and the touch is light and elastic.

Above the rear ends of the keys extend a series of type bars 29. These bars are thin and flat and are arranged on edge with their rear portions extending horizontally above a cross bar 30 and through the upwardly projecting teeth of the comb-bar 31 fixed to the cross bar 305 The forward ends of the bars 29 are inclined upwardly and are pivoted upon -a transverse fulcrum rod 32, the lower edges of the bars adjacent their forward ends bein provided with open notches which looselyset over the fulcrum rod. A

' transverse locking rod 33 extends over the fulcrum rod 32 above the ends of the bars and holds the latter against displacement. Rod 33 is removable so that any one of the bars 29 may be taken out of'the machine for repairs or the like. One end of the locking rod 32 is-reduced and threaded into an opening in one side 11 of the frame, while the other end of the rod extends through the opposite side frame and is provided witha cross notch to receive a suitable tool. Rods 18, 27 and 32 are also preferably held in position between the side portions 11 of the frame in a similar manner. I The rear upturned ends of the several key levers are arranged against the side faces of vthe series of type bars 29 and are held in such relation by clips 34 (see Figs. 3 and 6) which are riveted or otherwise suitably secured to the sides of the bars 29., The rear end of the key lever is also provided with a ledge or shoulder 35 which engages one arm 36 of a bell crank that is connected by a pivot stud 37 to the adjacent type bar 29.

The bell cranks are pivoted to the type bars 29 adjacent their rear ends and the arms 36 extend forwardly from the pivots with their off-set ends engaging the shoulders 35 of the key levers. The downwardly depending arms 38 of the bell cranks extend through a series of forwardly projecting comb-teeth 39 on the cross bar 30 and their lower ends are connected by a series of horizontal springs 40 to a plate 41 on the eross bar 13.

.The arms 38 are provided adjacent their lower ends with rearwardly projecting shoulders 42 extending beneath the cross bar 30 so that the type bars 29 and the rear ends of the key levers are locked against accidental shift in vertical direct1on.- When any one of the keys is operated however, it turns the corresponding bell crank about its pivot point 37 and moves its lower end into engagement with a notch or shoulder 43 upon a shifter bar 44. This shifter bar extends across the machine from side to side and is provided with arms-45 at its ends that are pivoted on studs 46 which extend inwardly from the sides of the frame. One of the side arms 45 of the shifter bar is proyided with a forwardly extending portion 47 that is connected by a tension spring 48 to a pin 49 on the adjacent side portion 11, so that the shifter bar is normally held depressed into engagement with a stop pin 50 by a link 52 to the lower end of a swinging frame 53. Frame 53 is provided at its upper ends with pivot studs 54 that extend through ears on a frame 56 secured to the adjacent side of the frame by screws 57. Frame SGcarries an electro magnet 58, the armature 59 of which' is mounted on the swinging frame Link 52 is preferably adjustable and formed of two sections connected by a turn-lmckle 52" having right and left hand threads.

The circuit of the shifteroperating magnet 58 is arranged to be closed by the operation of' any one of the finger keys, so that when one of the keys is depressed to lift its rear end andturn the corresponding bell crank 3638 into the notch 43:0f the shifter bar 44, magnet 58 is energized to attract its armature 59 and turn the shifter bar through the medium of the link 52 and thus lift the bell crank 3638 and the corresponding type bar 29. .At the same time the side face (30 of the shifter bar moves up in front of the other arms 38 and positively holds'them against the cross bar 30 with their shoulders 42 beneath such bar. In this way any one of the type bars 29' may be operated but all the remaining bars and all the remaining key levers as well are positively locked against movement a d cannot be actuated until the shifter or lhclcout bar 44 has returned to normal position. It should be noted that the bar 44 acts both as a common shifter for the type bars 29 and also as lockout for these-bars. The bell cranks 3638. form connections which, under control of the several key levers, serve to connect the selected type bar with the common shifter. They also serve as latches and cooperate with the shifter or lock-opt bar to holdall of the key levers and type bars, except the one selected, against movement.

Above the type bar 20 is mounted in horizontal series a number of U-bars which are set one within the other and each comprising side bars 61 and a cross bar (32. The forward downturned ends of the side bars 61 are mounted upon a transverse pivot rod 63 and their extreme ends engage the rearwardly extending teeth of two comb-bars (it (see Figs 1 and that are fixed to the cross bar 21. The rear horizontal portions of the side bars ()1 rest upon the upper face of a horizontal cross bar 65 and extend through the upwardly projecting teeth of comb-bars (16 that are fixed to the rear face of the cross bar 65. At their extreme rear ends each side bar is bent inwardly and downwardly (see Fig. 5) and connects to the corresponding horizontal cross bar (12. These cross bars are all the same length (see Fig. 1) and rest at their ends upon horizontal ledges (37 on the inner faces of the side portions 11 of the main frame. There are fourteen of these U-bars in the form shown and each horizontal cross bar (32 is provided with an upwardly projecting lug (38 arranged to operate one of a set of fourteen switches (it) mounted upon a supporting plate T0 that is carried upon the horizontal cross bar as between the sideportions ('31 of the U-bars. Each switch comprises two spring contacts secured to the supporting plate by screws 71. Layers of suitable material 72 insulate the two contacts of each switch from each other and from the sup porting plate TO and fastening screws 71. The lower spring of each switch rests upon an insulating button 73 at the outer edge of the supporting plate '70 and each button is provided with a projection 74 extending through the lower spring and engaging the upper spring of the switch so that the separate contacts of each switch are normally held outof contact. The several lugs 68 upon the cross bars (52 are arranged to engage insulating buttons 75 on the rear ends of the lower spring of each switch.

The series of bars 2t) are provided at their ends with what may be termed character type consisting of a series of projecting lu s extendin it )wardl from their in )er a: b l

edges. and which are arranged to engage and shift the switch operating cross bars 62. Each of the bars 29 is provided with a lug 76 which is arranged to engage the cross bar (32 and close the switch (39, and this switch is arranged to close the circuit of the shifter operating magnet 58-. Each type is also provided with a lug 76* which is arranged to operate the last cross bar 62 of the set, which in turn closes the switch 69. Each of the type is also provided in the form shown, with three lugs 76 that are variably a ranged on the several type so that each combination of the set of bars (32 and thus, a

each of the type closes a different and characteristic combination of the set of switches (39, That is to say, all of the character type will close the switch. as) which controls the shifter operating magnet and all of the type will close the switch (39 which controls the operation of the automatic transmitters hereinafter described. Of the sets of twelve switches (35) each arranged to be operated by a number of diti'erent type, but each type actuates a distinct and characteristic combination of three switches (31) in theset of twelve, and these combinations correspond to or represent the severalcharacters or signals.

The rear upturned end of each of the key levers is also provided with a projection 77 arranged to engage the cross bar 132 and close the switch (35) of the shifter operating magnet 58. \Vhen any key is operated it will turn the corrcspolnling latch Pitt-38 into the notch 43 of the common shifter bar 44-, close switch (39 to energize the magnet 58 so that the shifter bar H; 1s lifted by the magnet to complete the upwardmovement of the selected character type and close the combination of.switches corresponding to the key depressed. The linger keys are thus relieved of the actual work of closing the several switches and the touch is correspondingly lighter so that the keysmay be operated easily and rapidly. ltloreover, the arrangement insures that the proper set of switches will be closed and held closed, even though the key be only slightly depressed, since as soon as the circuit of the shifter operating magnet 58 is closed the selected character typeis held in lifted position until the circuit through the magnet is broken,

although the key itself is free to return to normal position. The key itself may be used when depressed to its full extent to lift the corresponding character type since, after it has shifted the latch 3ti-38 into engagement. with the notch 43 of the shifter bar, the continued upward movement of the real: end of the key will elevate the corresponding type although it is-assisted and entirely relieved from pressure by the shifter which is actuated by the magnet 58. The selected type will be properly operated even though the key be only slightly depressed, since a slight depression of the key will lift the shoulder 42 on the correspomling latchBS past the front face 78 of the cross bar 36 so that the latch is locked in its shifted position and its upwz rd movement is completed- &

other type or any of the other keys until the magnet 58 is deenergized and shifter bar 44 returned to its normal position.

The arrangement of circuits is shown in the diagram in Fig. 7. The line wire or conductor 79- is provided with three branches 1, 2 and 3 and in-eachbranch is interposed a normally open transmitter switch 80.

' These transmitter switches are arranged to be closed in succession'by a set of relays 80*, as hereinafter. described, so that the line branches are successively'connected and disconnected in order from the line conductor 79. The selecting switches 69 are arranged in three sets with four switches in each set. Line branch 1 is connected by the branch conductors 81 to one of thecontacts of each flswitch in the first set. Line branch 2 is connected by a series of branches 82 to one of the contacts of each switch in the second set and line branch 3 is connected by the set of branch conductors 83 to one of the contacts of each switch in the third set.

The line battery84 is divided and is connected to ground or to the return wire from the distant station by a conductor 85. The

battery branches 4 and 5 are connected to one side of the battery and the battery branches (3 and 7 are connected to the other side. Suitable resistance coils 86 are interposed in the battery branches 4 and 7 and it is obvious with the arrangement shown, that when properly connected to the line a weak negative impulse will be transmitted through battery branch 4, astrOng negative 'through battery branch-5, a strong positivethrough battery branch-6 and a weak positive through battery branch 7. As' stated; the switches 09 are divided into three setsof four each and one contact of each switch is connected to one of the set of line branches 1, 2 and 3. The of batterybranches 4, 0 and 7 are connected to the other contact of each switch. Branch conductor 4 is connected by a conductor 87 to the contact of one of the switches in each of the three dif' ferent sets. Battery brahches 5, Gfand 7 are similarly connected by the conductors 88, 89-and 90. lVith' this arrangement it is obvious that any one of the battery branches may be connected to the line branch 1' and to the line branches 2 and 3, and thatby selecting any particular combination of three of the set of switches69'any desired com-- bination of battery branches may be con,

nected to the three line branches 1, .2 and 3. As stated, each of the character ty e is arran ed to select a particular com ination of t. 1e set of switches 69 so that the proper combination of battery branches is connected to the line branches 1, 2 and 3,'then by operating the transnitter switches iniorderthe characteristic signal or combination ofiinpulses will be transmitted to the line 7 9 and Y back by the return conductor 85 to the battery 84.

The transmitter switches .80 are automat- 'ically controlled by a set'of relays 80 each of which preferably comprises two magnets 91 and 92'(see Figs. 8'to 12inclusive). At their lower ends magnets 91 and 92 are provided with a common-pole piece 93 of soft iron and they are mounted upon an L-shaped piece 94 of brass or other non-magnetic material. At its upper end he magnet 91 is provided with an inwardl extending pole piece 95 and the armature of the magnet 91 is in the form of a bar 96 verticallyarranged between the two magnets and having a forked lower end which sets over and is connected by pivot studs 97 to the pole piece 93. The armature lever 98 carrying armature 98 of the second magnet 92 of the relay extends through an opening 99 (see Fig. 12) in the armature lever 96 and is. connected thereto by pivot pins or studs 100. Parts 96 and"98- are of soft iron to complete the magnetic circuit of the two magnets.

The two spring contacts of the switch are carried-on aninsulating mount 101 in the upright portion of the piece 94." The innermost spring rests against an insulating button 102 on the upper end of the piece 94 and this button has a' projection 103 that extends through the innermost spring contact andlengages the outer spring contactto normally hold the two apart.

The end of j the inner spring contact is provided with a 106 and the armaturea96 of the magnet 91 against the stop screw 110fixed tothe upper end of the spool of magnet 92.

A bent: piece 111 of brass is secured to the upper end of thepiece94 but is insulated therefrom as, shown: The end of the con-- ducting piece-111*is provided with a contact y mounted 112 .Which arranged: to'be engaged by a contact screw- 113 that is adjustab -in' a -socket. 114'which, in tum, is carried upon the upper end of the armature lever 96, but is insulated therefrom as shown; contact piece 115 .on the end of the armature lever 98'is arranged to cooperate with an ad- 'justable contact screw 116 mounted on the bent conducting piece 111. Contact screws 113 and '1161are provided with lock nuts 117.

The magnet 91 is first energized and swings the; armatnres 96 and 98 to the left about the pivot 97 so that the shouldered the same time contact. 113 is brought into engagen'ient with contact 1.12 to close the C11- cnit of magnet The right hand end of armature lever 98 is then swung down and its left hand end raised-out of engagement with the insulating piece 106 to permit the return of the contacts 80 to open position. At the same time contact 115 is brought into engagement with cont-act screw 116 to close the circuit of the first magnet in the next succeeding relay. The two magnets of the relay thus operate with accuracy to close and open the transmitter switch S0. The first magnet 91 of the relay closes the contacts, holds them closed for a short interval until the magnet 92 is energized and the switch is then opened. It is not necessary to open the circuit and detinergize either magnet in order to open the switch, and thereis no lagging or ul'icertainty in the operation of the transmitter switches. As soon as and 92 are deencrgized in the manner hereinafter'set forth, the spring 108 will return both of the levers 96 and 98 to the normal position shown in the drawingsv with the i I shouldered part 106 of the armature lever 98 58 are all connected to a local battery in engagement with the insulating piece 106 on the inner contact switch 80.

As indicatedin the diagram in Fig. 7, the magnets 91 and 92 of the transmitter relays and the shifter operziting or locking magnet 11s by. a common return conductor 119 indicated in the drawings by heavy lines. The other pole of the battery is connected by a conductor .120; to one of the contacts of the switch 69% The other contact of this switch is connected by a conductor 121to one of the coils of the locking or shifter operating magnet 58, so

transmitter relay.

that this magnet is energized and the shifter bar 1 1 operated when any key is depressed since all of the keys are arranged to close the switch contacts 69. An unlocking switch comprising a pair of normally-closed contacts 122 is interposed in the conductor 121 and this switch is arranged to beopened by the armature 123 of an unlocking magnet 124, which in turn, is controlled by the operation of the third line relay S0 ()ne contact of the switch 69? is connected to the local battery 118 by conductors 120 and 125. The other contact of this switch is connected by wires 126 and branch wire 127 to the coil of the magnet 91 of the first The conductor 126 is also connected by branch conductors 128 to the contacts 116 of each relay. The contacts113 of each relay is connected by a conductor 129 to the coilof the second magnet 92 of the same relay and the contact 115 of the first and second relays is connected by a conductor 130 to the coil of the first magnet 91 of the the magnets 91 nect and disconnect line next succeeding relay. The conductor 130 from the contact 115 of the last relay extends to the coil of the unlocking magnet 121-.

\Vhen any key is operated, the correspoinling character type will close the spring contacts 69 and 69" and a particular combination of three of the set of switches 69. If for example, it is assumed that the signal to be transn'iitted comprises a strong positive impulse followed in succession by weak negative and weak positive impulses, the third, eighth and ninth switches 69 of the set are closed to connect the battery branches 6, 7 and 1 to the line branches 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The circuit may be traced through switch 69 from battery 118 by conductor 120 through the contact 69, conductor 121 through the normally closed switch contacts 122 and through the coil of the shifter operating magnet 58 to the battery return wire 119, so that the shifter bar 4+1 is operated to move the selected character type, hold it in shifted position and momentarily prevent the operation of the other type and their controlling keys. The circuit from battery 118 is also traced by wires 120 and 125 through the contact 69 to conductor 126 and 127 to the first magnet 91 of the first relay St) to the battery return wire 119. This magnet is energized to shift thearmatures 96 and 98 of the first relay, close the transmitter switch S0 in the line branch 1 and thus connect itto line. Contacts 113 and 116 of the first relay are engaged and the circuit closed through the second magnet 92 of the first relay from the battery wire 126, branch conductor 128, contacts 116 and 11;) and conductor 129 through the coil of the second magnet .92 of the first relay to the battery return wire 119. The armature lc ver 9- of the first relay is then shifted to disconnect the line branch 1 from the line conductor T 9. Contacts 115 and 116 of the first relay are brought into engagement to close the circuit-from battery wire 126, conductor 128, contacts 116 and 115 and conductor 130 through the coil of the first magnet 91 of the second relay to the battery return wire 119. Themagnct 91 of the second relay in turn closes the transmitter switch 80 in the line branch 2 and in a similar manner closes the circuit of the second magnet 92 of the secondrelay so that the switch S0 of the second line branch is opened after a brief interval. The magnets 91 and 92 of the third relay then operate in succession to close and open switch 80 inuthe third line branch 3. The several magnets 91 and 92 of the line relaysv thus act in order to, successively conbranches 1, 2 and 3 to the'line conductor 79. When the line branch 1 is connected to line, current may be traced from the line battery 81 by a battery branch 6, conductor 89 to the closed contacts closed contacts of the eighth switch 69, con- Wire or ductor 82 to line branch 2 through the closed switch contacts 80 therein to the line 79 and back as before to battery. When the switch of the third branch is closed current is very light is traced from battery 84 by branch 4 and conductor 87 to the closed contacts of the. ninth switch 69, conductor 83 to the line branch 3. through the closed contacts thereof to the line wire 79 ground to the line battery 84. In this way the selected battery branches 6, 7 and 4 are successively connected in order to the line wire to transmit a strong positive impulse followed by weak positive and weak negative impulses. It is obvious that any of the battery branches maybe connected to any, of the line branches so that by properly selectin the combination of three in the set of switches 69, any desired combination of three impulses, either strong or weak or positive or negative,-may be transmitted over the line conductor.

The operation of the second magnet 92 of the last relay closes the circuit through the unlocking magnet 124 so that the contacts 122 are opened and the circuit broken through the magnet 58 to permit the return of the shifter bar and selected character type to normal. The switches 69 and 69 and selected combination of switches 69 are then restored to their normal open condition and circuit through the transmitter relays 81 controlled by the switch 69 is open sothat all parts operated thereby. are returned to normal in readiness to transmit the'next succeeding signal. The connections between the battery branches 4, 5, 6 and 7 and the line branches 1, 2 and 3 controlled by the set of switches 69, is also restored to the normal open condition indicated in the drawings.

It should be noted that the speed of transmission of any one combination of impulses .is in no way controlled b the action of the finger keys. .Each finger ey simultaneously operates a given combination of the select-- ing switches (39 to connect the proper combination of battery branches to the line branches. At the same time the key initiates the operation of the transmitter relays 80" which act automatically to successively connect and disconnect-the line branches and the line conductors 79. The various impulses of any signal are thus transmitted with greatprecision and regularity, such as is necessary for the rapid operation of any printing apparatus at the receiving station.

and back by the return the line branches 1, 2 and 3 and the nections between The work of closing the selecting switches and transmitter switches is done by the magnet 58 and relay magnets 91 and 92, and the finger keys merely control the proper selection of the difi'erent signals so that the touch and the keys may be rapidly operated. The lock-out bar positively prevents the movement of any key or character type during the operation of the transmitter relays 80*, so that'two signals cannot be superposed one upon the otheror otherwise confused.

As stated, the switch 69 cross bar 62 operated by the shifting and lock-out magnet 58, the switches 69 operated by the cross bars 62 and the projections 76 of the character type, which are differently arranged upon the different type barsto control the selection of the combina tion of impulses to be transmitted, and the switch 69 operated by the cross bar 62 and the projections 7 (3 on the several char-- acter type controls the circuitto the first transmitter relay. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4,, the projection 76' is slightly greater in length than the projections To and the projections 76 are slightly greater in and the projections 7 6 on the. character type controls the circuit of the length than the projection 76*, so that the circuit of the locking magnet 58 is closed an instant before the connections are made between the battery branches 4, 5, 6 and Tand conthe line and battery branches is made an instant before the'operation of the transmitter relays is initiated.

The proper transmission of the selected sig "nal 'is thus insured.

of the cross bars'62, so that the projections 76, 76 and 76 on the character type will squarel and properly engage the cross bar (32 to rmly press the switch contacts controlled thereby into engagement.

The transmitter is provided with two shiftkeys which are operated in a manner similar to the keys of an ordinary typewriter. That is to say, when the key is depressed a special signal is transmitted over the line for effecting the shift of the platen or type wheel at the receiving station so that capitals or numerals may be printed as long as one or the other of the shift keys is held depressed. When the key is released another special signal is transmitted to unlock the shift 11 chanism and permit its return to normal so that thereafter the most frequently used characters or small letters will be recorded at the receiving station.

The shift keys l30-and 131 are arranged at the left hand side of thekey board and their upturned forward ends are provided with finger pieces 13:2. The shift keys are not pivoted on the fulcrum rod 18 but extend between this rod and the locking rod 27 (see Fig. 2) and their rear ends are upturned and provided with hook shaped hearing portions engaging the fulcrum rod 32. The lower edges of the shift key above the fulcrum rod 18 are cut away as shown, so that the rod will not interfere with the proper swing of the shift keys about the pivot rod 32. A stop pin 133 projects inwardly from the side 11 of the frame and extends over the shift keys. The latter are provided with cushion springs 23 similar to those employed in connection with the other keys which normally uphold the shift keys against the stop pin 133. Like the rest of the keys the shift keys 130 and 131 extend through the teeth of the comb-bars 20 and 21.

Shift key 130 is provided with an upwardly projecting lug 131 (see Fig. 7) which is arranged to engage an insulated button on a switch contact spring 135. This switch contact is normally in engagement with the spring contact 136 and when. depressed by the key it is moved out of engagement with the contact 136 into engagement with the spring contact 137 below it and from which y it is normally disengaged. 30

The shift key 131 (see Figs. 2 and ,7) is provided with a similar hook 138 which is arranged to shift two switch contacts 139 and 140. Contact 139 is normally in en gagement with a contact 141 but is shifted out of engagement therewith by the opera tion of the key. Contact 140 is normally out of engagement with the spring contact 142- but is shifted into engagement therewith by the operation of the shift key. The switch contacts 135, 136 and 137 and the switch contacts 139, 140, 141 and 142 are mounted above the shift keys upon an inwardly projecting lug or support 142 fixed, to the side 11 of the frame. These contacts are suitably insulated from each other and .from the support, as indicated in Fig. 2.

The circuits extending from the switch contacts are operated by the shift keys, as indicated in the diagram in Fig. 7. The two sets of switch contacts are arranged to control the operation of three relays 1 13,

141- and 145 and these relays control respectively the operation of a set of magnets 146, 117 and 1%. Each of the relays comprises two magnets 1-1.) and 150 and the armatnres 151 and 152 of these magnets are arranged in a manner s milar to the armatures of the transmitter relay magnets 91 and 92. That is to say, the armature 152 of the magnet 150 is pivotally mounted on the end of pivoted armature 151 of the magnet 119. so that by successively closing the circuits of the magnets of each relay, :1. switch 153 is first closed and then opened by the compound movement of the armature lever 152, the notched end of which is arranged to engage an insulating piece on the end of one of the switch contacts 153.

The armature of each of the magnets 116, 117 and 118 is arranged to operate the switches 151, 155, 156 and a set of three switches 157. The first switch 157 in each set is connected by branch conductors 158 to the first line branch 1 and the second and third switches 157 in each set are connected by the branch conductors 159 and 160 to the line branches 2 and 3 respectively. The contacts of the sets of switches 157 are connected by a series of conductors 161 to the ditferent battery branches 4, 5. 6 and 7 so that by operating any one of the set. of switches 157, a particular combination of three of the battery branches may be connected respectively to the line branches 1, 2 and 3. For example. in the arrangement shown the set of switches 157 operated by the magnet 116 are adapted to connect the battery branches 4, 5 and 6 to the line branches 1, 2 and 3 respectively. switches 157 operated by the. magnet 117 are adapted to connect the set of battery branches 5, 6 and 7 to the set of line branches 1, .2 and 3 respectively, and the set of switches 157 operated by magnet 148 are adapted to connect the battery branch 7 to the line branches 1 and 3 and the battery branch 5 to line branch 2. Any other combinations of battery branches could of course be employed, provided they did not conflict with the other signals, it being merely neces-" sary that the combination selected by the switches of magnet 116 and 1 17 shall be of proper kind to operate the shifter mechan= ism of the receiver to different positions and that the combination selected by the switches 157 operated by the magnet 147 shall be of proper kind to operate the shifter release at the receiving station.

The local battery 118 is connected by the conductors 120, 162, 163, 161 and 165 to the switch contacts 135 and 110, that are operated by the lugs 131 and 138 on the shift keys, and to one of the contacts of each switch 153. The other contacts of the several switches 153 are connected by conductors 166 to the coils of the several magnets 116, 1 17 and 118 respectively, and the coils of these magnets are also connected by conductors 167 to the switches 151 operated by the magnets. The switches 155 operated by these magnets are connected by conductors 168 to the coils of the magnets 150 in the respective relays 1 13, 1 11 and 145. The switches 156 are connected by the conductors 169 and 170 to the conductor 127 leading to the first magnet 91 of the first transmitter relay S1. The contacts of the several switches 15-1, 155, and 156 are connected by the branch conductor 171 to the local hat- '1. his conductor 171 leading from 3' the battery return wire 11 9;

the battery extends through a coil in the locking magnet 58 and thro ugh a normally closed unlocking switch 17 2 whichis opened 1 by the armature 123 of the unlocking mag; 5 net 124; I v

The coil of"the magnet 1490f the relay 143 isconnected by a conductor 173 to the switch contact 137. Magnet 149 of relay 144 is connected by a conductor 174 to the switch 10 contact 141 and the magnet 149 of the relay 145 is connectedby a conductor 17 5. to the contact 142. Switch contacts,136, and 139 are connected together by a conductor 176. ,The coils of the relay magnets 149 and 150 and of the; magnets 1415:, 147 and 148 are ,all' connected to -17th 119 lea lingib ckimi ocal' battery 118.

A's s'tated, the contacts 139 and 141 and the switch contacts 135 and 136 are normally 20 in engagement so that the circuit is normally closed through the first magnet 149' of the relay 144'as follows: from local battery 118' by conductors120, 162, 163, 164, switch contacts 135 and 1'36,"c'onductor 17 6', switch contacts. 139"- and- 141, conductor 174 throughthe coil 149 of the relay 144 and back by the common return wire, 119 to battery. The armature-lever 151 of this relay is thus drawn up as shown, but the switch contacts 153 controlled thereby are-not closed since the magnet 150 of this relay has been pre- Viously operated to shift the armature lever 152;thereo f and thus open the contacts153, the armature lever resting, as indicated,

upon the insulating piece 106 on the end of 'theinner spring contact but with its shoulder or notch 105, out of engagemcnt therewith; The operation of either shift key however, will open either the pair of con- 40 tacts 136 and 135 or the pair of contacts 141 ,and 139 to. open the circuit of the magnet 149 of the relay 144 and thus permit the v armatures 151 and 152 to 'drop back into normal position with the notched shoulder 41') 105 of the armature lever 152-in position to,

first close and then open the contacts 153 of this relay. The depression of theshift key l30-thro'ugh the medium of the hooked projection, 134, as stated, opens the circuit through the magnet 149 of the relay, 144 so that the armatu'res-151 an'd152 thereof are 'restored to normal by their spring and at e the same time contacts a 135 and 137 are brought in "engagement to close the cir-' cuit from local battery 18fthrough the con- -duc'tors 120, 162, 163 and 164, contacts 135 and 137, conductors 173 through the coilof.

the magnet 1490f therelay 143 and back to The switch contacts 153 are then closed and the circuit is traced from the battery conductors 120, 162, 163 and 165 through the closed contacts 153 of the relay 143 through the coil of the magnet 146 and back by the battery return e, common return Wire,

battery 118 by the conductors 120 and 171 through the coil of the locking magnet 58, normally-closed locking switch 172, switch 154 and conductor; 167 through the coil of the magent 146 to the battery return wire 119. The circuit through magnet 146 is left locked in closed eonditlon. The switch 155 closes the local batter circuit from the wire 171 through the switch 155 and by conductor 168 through the coil of the second magnet 150 of the relay 143 to the battery return wire.119, and armature lever 152 is operated to open the contacts 153, Switch 156 closes the circuit from the battery wire 171 through the conductors 169, 170 and 127. to the magnet 91 to the first line relay so that the operation of the set of line relays is initiated to automatically and successively connect the several line branches 1, 2 and'3 to the line conductor and the special combination or \Vhcn the shift key is restored to normal, W

the engagement of contacts 135 and 137 is broken and magnet 149 of the relay 143 deenergized so that the armatures 151 and 153 of this relay are returned to normal position at the same time contact 135 is again brought into engagement with contact 136 and the circuit is closed through the first magnet 149 of relay 144. The armatures of this relay are then drawn up to close the switch contacts 153 thereof and t-he circuit is closed through the magnets 147 as follows: from battery conductors 120, 162, 163, 165, switch contacts 153 and relay 144, conductor 166 1 through the coil of magnet 147 to the battery return wire 119. The set of switches controlled by the magnet 147 are then operated to send another special signal over the line 'in a manner entirely similar to that of the magnet 146, as above described. The circuit through the second magnet 150 ofthe relay 144 is closed by the operation of magnet. 147 and opened by the operation of the unv locking magnet 124, but the circuit of the magnet 149 of the relay 144 remains normally closed so that, as stated, the armature levers 151 and 152 are normally drawn up as indicated.

\Vhen the shift key 131 is depressed its hooked projection 138 opens the contacts 139 and 141 so that the magnet 1 19 of the relay 111 is deenergized and its armature levers dropped back. At the same time contacts 140 and 142 are brought into engage. ment and the ircuit is closed from the battery by the conductors 190, 1'52, 164, contacts 110, 142 and 175 through the coil of magnet 1 A) of he relay 11-5. This relay then operates to close its switch contacts 153 and energized magnet 148 to transmit another special shitting signal over the line. lVhen the shift key. 131 is released, contacts 139 and 141 are again brought into engagement and relay 144. operates to automatically transmit the releasing signal.

During the transmission of either special shifting signal or the releasing signal the hit-king magnet 58 is energized so that none of the other keys can be operated. Shift mechanism at the receiving station, such as is set forth in the companion application filed by me, is adapted 't'oruse in connection with the special arrangement of shift keys herein set forth.

It should be noted that the switches of the transmitter, as indicated in Figs. 3 and 5, are located at the top of the machine above the operating parts: where they are readily accessible -for inspection or repairs by removing the cover plate 16. The operatlng parts are also easily accessible and readily removable and cannot easily get out of order. The keys may be operated by a light touch and it 1s possible to transmit the signals rapidly without confusion by reason of the automatic transmitter relays" and the lockout device controlled thereby.

It. is obvious that numerous changes may be made in the details of construction and arrangement of circuits without departure from the essentials of'the invent-ion.

Having descr bed my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent. is:

1. In automatic transmitters, the combi' nation of a series of switches, a series of keycontrolled character type for operating said switches, each switch being actuated by a number of typc,'but each type being arranged to simultaneously operate a particular combination of switches and a series of finger keys controlling the operation of said type, and means act1ng, when one type is operated, to lockthe selected combination of switches in shifted position and to lock out the other type, substantially as described.

2. In automatic transmitters, the combination of a series of switches, a series of keycontrolled character type for operating said switches, each switch being actuated by a number of type, but each type being arranged to simultaneously operate a particular combination of switches and a series of finger keys controlling the operation of said type, and means for holding the selected type in shifted position independently'of its key until the signal transmitted thereby is completed, substantially as'described.

3. In automatic transmitters, the combination of a series of switches, a series of keycontrolled character type for operating said switches, each switch being actuated by a number of type, but each type being arranged to simultaneously operate a particular combination of switches and a series of finger keys controlling the operation of said type, and means for locking the selected type in shifted position until the signal selected thereby is transmitted and for locking out "he other of said type, substantially as described.

4. in automatic transmitters, the combination with a series of switches, of a series of switch shifting bars, one for each of said switches, a series of character type having variably arranged projections and eacharranged to operate a particular combination of switch shifting bars, a series of operating keys, one for each of said type, and means controlled by each key for holding the selected type in shifted position and for locking out the other. of said type until the completion of the signal transmitted by the selected type, substantially as described.

In automatic transmitters, the combination with a series of switches, of a series and their controlling keys until the completion of the signal transmitted by the selected type, substantially as'described.

6. In automatic transmitters, the combination with a series of switches, of a series f switch shifting bars, one for each of said switches, a series of character type having variably arranged projections and each arranged to o erate a particular combination of switch shifting bars, a series of operating keys, one for each .of said type, a series of latches, one for each of said type, and means controlled by said keys and cooperating with said latches to hold the selected type in shifted position and lock out the other type and their-controlling keys until the completion of the signal transmitted by the selected type, substantially as described.

, of keys controlling the operation of said type, latches on said type with which said keys engage and a common shifter controlled by said keys and cooperating with said latches to hold the selected type in shifted position and prevent the operation of other type and keys until, the completion of the signal transmitted by the selected type, substantially as described.

8. In automatic transmitters, the combination with the series of switches, of a series of character type for operating said switches, each of said switches being operated by a number of type and each type operating a particular combination/ of switches, a series of key levers controlling the operation of said type, a series of pivoted spring-held latches, one mounted on each of said type,

said keys engaging said-latches and a common shifter engaging said latches to hold the selected type in shifted position and prevent the operation of the other type and keys, substantially as described.

9. In automatic transmitters, the combination with the series of switches, of a series of character type for operating said switches, each of said switches being operated by a number of type and each type operating a particular combination of switches and a series of key levers controlling the oper ation of said type, a series of latches with which said levers engage, one of said latches being mounted on each of said type, a common shifter cooperating with said latches to hold the selected type in shifted position and prevent the operation of the other ofsaid type and an operating magnet for said shifter, the circuit whereof is closed by the operation of any one of said keys, substantially as described.

10. In automatic transmitters, the c0mbination with a suitable frame, of a set of switch contacts mounted at the upper por tion of said frame, a set of pivoted U-bars, one for operating each of sald switches, the operating portions whereof extend beneath said set of switches, a series of upwardlystriking pivoted type bars extending beneath said set of U-bars and having variably arranged projections to operate diderent co nbinations of bars and a series of pivoted key levers controlling the operation of said pivoted type bars, substantially as described.

11. In automatic transmitters, the combination with a suitable frame, of a set of switch contacts mounted at the upper por-- tion of saidframe, a set of ivoted ill-bars, one for operating each of said switches, the operating portions whereof extend beneath said set of switches, a series of pivoted type bars extending beneath said set of U- bars and having variably arranged projections to operation of said type bars and means cooperating with said key levers and type bars for holding the selected type bar in shifted position and for preventing the operation of the other type-bars and key levers, substantially as described.

12. In automatic transmitters, the combination with a suitable frame, of a set of switch contacts mounted at the upper portion of said frame, a set of pivoted U-bars, one for operating each of said switches, the operating portions whereof extend beneath said set of switches, a series of pivoted type bars extending beneath said set of U-bars and having variably arranged projections to operate different combinations of bars, a series of pivoted key levers, a series of spring-held latches, one on each of said type bars with which said hey levers engage and a connnon shifter cooperating with said,

one for operating each of saidswitches, the

operating portions whereof extend beneath said set of switches, a series of pivoted type bars extending beneath said set of U-bars and having variably arranged projections to operate different combinations of bars, a series of pivoted key levers, a series of spring'held latches pivoted on said type bars with which latches said key levers engage, a common shifter cooperating with said latches to hold the selected type bar in shifted position and prevent the operation of the other key levers and type bars and an operating magnet for said shifter, the circuit whereof is controlled by said key levers and type bars, substantially as described.

14. In automatic transmitters, the combination with a set of switches and a set of battery circuits or branches controlled thereby, of a series of character type, each switch being operated by a number of saidtype and each type being arranged to select a particular combination of switches and battery circuits or branches, automatic transmitter means for successively connectingthe selected battery circuits or branches to line, a lock out controlled by the operation of any of saidtype and means for releasing said lock out controlled by the operation of said automatic transmitter means, substantially as described, v 15. In automatic transmltters, the comb nation with a set of switches and a set of battery circuits ,or branches controlled thereby, of a series of character type, each switch being operated by a number of said type and each type being arranged to select a particular combination of switches and battery circuits or branches, automatic transmitter means controlled by the operation of said type for successively connecting the selected branches to line, a lock out for holding the selected type in shifted position and for preventing the operation of the other of said type, an operating magnet for said lock out and a circuit therefor closed by the operation of any of said type and opened at the end of the operation of said automatic transmitter means, substantially as described.

to. 'In automatic transmitters, the combination with a set of switches and a set of battery circuits or branches controlled thereby, of a set of switch-operating bars, a set of character type having variably arranged projections for operating dil'lerent con'ibinatrons of said bars and switches to select particular combinations of said battery circuits or branches, avset of keys controlling the operation of said character type, transmitter means for automatically and successively connecting the selected battery circuits or branches to line, a lock-out for holding the selected type in shifted position and for preventing the operation of the other of said type, and operating circuits for said trans mitter means and "for said lock-(n t controlled by the operation of said character type, said lock-out circuit being broken by the operation of said transmitter means at the end of the transmission of the selected signal, substantially as described.

17. In automatic transmitters, the combination with a set of switches and a set of battery circuits or branches controlled thereby, of a set of switch-operating bars, a set of character type having variably arranged projections for operating different eombinations of said bars and switches to select particular combinations of said battery circuits or branches. :1 set of keys controlling the operation of said character type, transmitter means for automatically and successively connecting the selected battery circuits or branchesto line, a series of latches, one for each of said character type, a common shi't'tcr cooperating with said latches for vhohling the selected type in shifted position and prevent. the operation of the other type and controlling keys, an operating magnet tor said shifter, a circuit for said magnet controlltul by the operation of any of said keys and type. an operating circuit for said transmitter means controlled by the operation of said type and devices controlled by said transmitter means for opening the circuit of said lock-out magnet at the completion of a selected signal, substantially as described.

'18. In automatic transmitters, the combination with a set of battery circuits or branches, of a series of character type, a setof switches variably operated by said character type to select ditterent combinations of battery branches or circuits, transmitter means controlled by said keys for automatically andsuccessively connecting the selected battery branches to line and means controllcd by each key and by said transmitter means for preventing the shift of the other of said'kcys until thecomplctc transmis ion of the selected si 'nator combination, substantially as described.

1). In automatic transmitters, the combination with a of battery circuits or branches, of a series of linger keys, :1 series of character type, one operated by each key to select a particular combination of said battery circuits or branches, tiainsmitter means controlled by the keys for automat'iw ally and succcs. ivcly connecting the selected battery branches to line, and a lock-out device for holding the selected type in shifted position and for preventing the operation of the other of said type, substantially as de scribed.

20. In automatic transmitters. the combination with a set oi" switches and a set of battery branches or circuits controlled there.-

'"by, ot a set of character type each operating to select a particular combination of switches and battery circuits or branches, a series of keys for operating said type, yielding operating connections between said keys and said type and means/for holding the selected type in shifted position and for preventing the operation of the keys of the other of said type, substantially as described.

21. In automatic transmitters, the combi- -nat1on with a set. (it switches and a set of battery branches or circuits controlled thereby, of a set of character type each operating to select a particular combination of switches and batterycircuits or branches, a series of keys for operating said type, spring-held, yielding connections between said keys and type, through the medium of which the latter are operated, and means coi'iperating necting the selected battery branches or cir euits to line, an operating relay for each transn'iitter switch, comprising two magnets,

cne acting to close the switch and the other,

to open the same, and means for closing the circuit of said relay magnets in order, substantially as described.

5:3. In automatic transmitters, the combination with a set of switches and a set of battery branches or circuits controlled thereby, of a set. of devices each arranged to simultaneously select a particular combination o'l. said switches and battery branches or circuits, a set of transmitter switches for connecting the selected battery branches or circuits to line, an operating relay for each transmitter switch, comprising two magnets, one acting to close the switch and the other to open the same, means for closing the circuits of said relay magnets in order and means for opening the circuits of said magnets at the completion of the selected signal, substantially as described. I

24-. In automatic transmitters, the combination with a set of switches and a set of battery branches or circuits controlled thereby,

of a set of devices each arrangedto simulta-...

neously select a particular combination of .said switches and battery branches or circuits, a set of transmitter switches for connecting the selected battery branches or cincuits to line, an operating relay for each transmitter switch, comprising two magnets, one acting to close the switch and the other to open the same, means operated by each relay magnet for closing the succeeding relay magnet, means for closing the ,circuit of the first relay magnet, and means controlled bythe operation of the last relay magnet for opening the circuits through said magnets, substantially as described.

25. In automatic transmitters, the combination of-a set of switches and a set of battery branches or circuits controlled thereby, of a series of character type for operating said switches, each switch being operated by a number of different; type and each t pe being arranged to operate a particular conihination of switches, transmitter means .com-

prising a set of switches for successively connecting the selected battery branches or circuits to line, a relay for operating each switch, comprising two magnets, one acting to close theswitch and the other to open'the same, means operated by each magnet for closing the succeedingrelay magnet of the set and means controlled by the operation of the last relay magnet for opening the circuits of said magnets, substantially as described.

26. In automatic transmitters, the combination of a set of switches and a set of bat terybranches or circuits controlled thereby, a series of character type having variably arranged projectionseach adapted to select a particular combination of switches and battery branches or circuits, transmitter means comprising a set of relays automatically acting in succession to connect the selected battery branches or circuits to line, a series of keys for operating said character type, means controlled by said keys for initiating the operation of said set of relays,

and means compelling the complete'operai tion of said set of relays when the operation .thereof is once initiated, substantially as described. y

-27. In automatic transmitters, the combination of a set of switches and a-set of battery branches or circuits controlled thereby, a series of character type having variably arranged projections each adapted to select a particular combination of switches and battery branches or circuits, transmitter meanscomprusing a set of relaysautomatically acting in succession to connect the selected battery branches or circuits to line, a series of keys for operating said char: cter type, means controlled by said keys for initiating the operation of said set of relays, and a lock-out controlled by each key for preventing the operation of the other of said keys and means controlled by the operation of said set of relays for releasing said lock-.

out, substantially as described.

28. In automatic transmitters, the combination with a set of switches and a set of battery branches or circuits controlled thereby, a series'- of character type having variably arranged projections each adapted to select 'a particular combination of said set of switches and battery branches or cir iits, a series of keys controlling the op'erationof said character type,a set of transmitter re lay magnets for successively connecting the selected battery branches or circuits to line, means operated by each magnet of the set for closing the circuit to the succeeding magnet, means controlled by the keys and type i for closing the circuit of the first magnet of the set, a lock-out device for said keys and type, an operating magnet therefor, means controlled by the keys and type for closing the circuit. of. said lock-out magnet and means controlied by the last transmitter magnet for opening the circuits of said transmitter ma 7- nets and said lock-out magnet, substantially as described.

' 29. In automatic transmitters, the combination with sect of battery branches or circuits and with a set of key controlled devices each arranged to select a particular combination of battery branches or circuits, of a =setot transmitter relays automatically acting to successively connect the selected battery branches or circuits to the line, each relay comprising two magnets, means, operated by theifirst relay magnet for closing of the second magnet beingmovablymounted upon the armature of the first magnet, liiQiltls for closing the circuits of said relay magnets in succession and a switch arranged to be first closed'and then opened by the compound movement of the armature of the second relay, substantially as described.

31. In automatic transmitters, the combination with a set of batterybranches or circuits and with a set of key controlled devices each arranged to select a particular combination of battery branches or circuits,

of a set of transmitter relays automatically acting to successively connect the selected battery branches or circuits to line, each relay; comprising two magnets, the armature of the second magnet being movably mounted upon the armature of the first magnet, contacts controlled by the armature of the first magnet for closing the circuit to the second relay magnet, contacts controlled by the armature of the second magnet for closing the circuit of the first magnet of the succeeding relay and a switch arranged to be successively closed and opened by the comill) pound movement of the arniaturc of the' second magnet of each relay, sul'istantially as described.

32. In automatic transmitters, the combination with a set of key controlled devices, each arranged to transmit a particular combination of differently Il'lUtlli'lOd impulses, of a shift key and means controlled thereby for transmitting one special combination of modified impulses when the key is depressed and another special combination of modified impulses when the key is released, substantially as described.

3?). in automatic transmitters, the combination with a series of switches, of shift.

mechanism for operating said switches, and

a series of tingei' keys for selectively controlling the'operation of said switches and Said shilL mechanism, said mechanism being arrangedto hold the selected switches in shifted position until the signal transmitted thereby is completed.

34-. In automatic transmitters, the combi nation with a series of switches, of a series of sclccting linger keys there for, and devices movable independently of said keys, but

controlled thereby for operating ditl'erent combinations of said switches and for holding thesrnne in shifted position until the signal transmitted thereby is completed.

In automatic transmitters, the combi nation with a series of switches, of a series of character type operating different combimagnet for actuating said shifter. a set of character keys selectively controlling the operation of said type and means controlled by said keys for energizing said magnet, substantially as described. a v

37. In automatic transmitters for printing telegraphs, the combination with a series of character keys and means controlled by each of said keys for transmitting a particular combination of varied impulses to the line, of a special shift key and means operated thereby for transmitting a special combination of varied impulses when said key is depressed and another special or releasing signal when said key is released, substantially as described.

38. In automatic transmitters for printing telegraphs, the combination with a series of character keys and means controlled by each of said keys for transmitting a. particular combination of varied impulses to the line, of two special shift keys and means controlled thereby for sending different special or shifting code combinations to the line when one or the other of said keys is depressed and for transmitting the same special or releasing code combiiuition when either of said keys is restored to normal, substantially as described.

3!). ln automatic transmitters for printing telegraphs, the combination with a' series of battery circuits or branches, of a set of charbranches when the key is depressed andanother combination when said key is released, snbstantially as described.

40. In automatic transmitters for printing telegraphs, the combination with a series'ot' battery circuits or branches, of a set of character kcys,-means operated by each of said keys for simultaneously selecting a parone or the other of said keys is depressed and for connecting the same combinationof battery branches orv circuits to said transfl mitter means when either. of said keys is re ticular combination of battery circuits .or branches, transmitter means for successively connecting the selected battery branches or circuits to line, two special shift keys and means operated thereby for connecting different combinations of said battery circuits or branches to the transmittermeans when leased, substaniially as described.

41. In automatic transmitters, the combination with a set of battery circuits or branches, of a series of key-controlled devices, each arranged to simultaneously select a particular combination of battery branches, a set of relays automatically acting to suecessively connect the selected branches to line, a special shift key and means operated thereby for connecting two different combinations of battery branches to said transmitting relays when said key is depressed and released respectively, substantially asdescribed.

42. In automatic transmitters, the combination with a set of battery branches or circuits, of a series of character keys, means controlled by each key for selecting a particular combination of battery branches, a

-- set of relays controlled by said keys and acting automatically to successivelyconnect -nation with a series of keys and means controlled by each of said keys for transmitting a particular or clriracteristic combination of impulses, of a pair of relays, means controlled by said relays for transmitting special code combinations of impulses, a shift key and means controlled by said shift key for energizing one of said relays when the key is depressed and the other when said key is released, substantially as described.

44. In automatic transmitters, the combination with a series of keys and means controlled byl. each of said keys for transmitting a particular or characteristiccombination of impulses, of a set of three relays, means controlled by each of said relays for transmitting a particular orcharacteristic combination of impulses, two special shift keys and means operated by each of said keys for ener- 'gizing one of the relays of said set when depressed and for energizing the third relay of the'set when either of said keys is released and restored to normal position, substantially as described. 1

4C5. In automatic transmitters, the combination with a series of key-controlled devices, each arranged to transmit the particular or characteristic combination of impulses, of two relays, two'switches, one controlled by each of said relays and arranged to be first closed and then opened when the corresponding relay is energized, means controlled by each of said switches for transmitting a particular combination of impulses, a switch in the energizing circuits of said relays normally holding the circuit of one relay closed and that of the other open and a special shift key for operating the switch to reverse the condition of the circuits of said relays both when it is depressed and when it is released, substantially as described. p

46. In automatic transmitters, the combination with a set of battery branches, of a series of character keys, means controlled by each key for selecting a particular or characterist c combination of battery branches, a

set of transmitting relays controlled by said keys for automatically and successivelyconnecting the battery branches to linef two special relays, a switch for each special relay arranged to be first closed and then opened when the corresponding special relay is energized, means controlled by each switchfo'r connecting a'special combination of battery branches with the transmitting relays, a switch in the circuit of said special relays normally holding thecircuit of one relay open and that of the other closed and a special shift key for operating said switch to reverse the condition of the circuits of said special relays both when it is depressed and when it is operated, substantially. as described.

47. In automatic transmitters the combination with a series of switches, of character type for operating said switches, each--of said switches being operated by a number of said type and each type operating a particular combination. of switches", a series of keys controlling the operation of said type, and a common shifter controlled by said keys and arranged to hold the selected.combination of switches in shifted position and prevent the operation of other of said type and keys ,until the completion of the signal transselected combination of mitted by the switches, substantially as described.

4.8. In automatic transmitters,'the combination with a set of battery circuits or branches, of a set of finger keys, a series of character type, one operated by each key to select the particular combination of said battery circuits or branches, transmitter means controlled by said keys for automatically and successively connecting the said battery branches to line and a locking device for 

